NOTES ON STEVEN BLEICHER'S CONTEMPORARY COLOR: THEORY & USE CHAPTER 5
- Every color has a related value, but no hue is as dark as black or as light as white.
Tints are the hue plus white.
Tones are the hue plus grey.
Shades are the hue plus black.
- Monochromic color is based on a single hue or color. Monochromatic palettes can be used for emotional impact. A red hue is still red whether the red is mixed with white or black. The three together, pink, red and red-black are an example of a monochromatic color palette.
- As a color is increasingly more saturated, it becomes brighter. As a color is increasingly less saturated, or as it is desaturated, it loses its color and becomes more of a gray or neutral color.
-Analogous colors are any three hues next to each other on the color wheel. For example: Red-violet, red and red-orange.
-Complementary colors are two hues exactly opposite each other on the color wheel. The use of complements intensifies the two hues and creates the figure-ground relationship. These are complementary color pairings:
Blue and Orange
Red and Green
Yellow and Violet
Blue-violet and orange-yellow
-Split Complementary Color Schemes have three colors, and two of them are located on either side of the first hues direct complement. For example, blue, red-orange and yellow-orange is a split complementary color pairing.
-Double Split Complementary Color Schemes include four colors that are comprised of two sets of, typically side-by-side, complementary pairs. For example: yellow, yellow-green, violet, and red-violet is a split complementary color scheme.
-Neutrals a neutral color or shade, especially light gray or beige is achieved when a set of complements are mixed together. 20th C. artist Romare Bearden used neutrals to give a feeling of warmth to his painted collages like Early Morning.
-Triadic color schemes have three hues, all equal distance from one another on the color wheel. yellow-green, blue-violet and red-orange is one example of a triadic scheme. The three primaries, yellow, red, and blue are the classic triadic scheme. To unify the pictorial elements in his paintings Pop artist Roy Lichtenstein often used a primary triadic color scheme...as he did in As I Opened Fire, 1964.
-Tetradic color schemes contain four hues are exactly equal distance from one another on the color wheel. blue, orange, yellow-green and red-orange is one of the tetradic schemes.
-The Bezold effect is an optical illusion, named after a German professor of meteorology, Wilhelm von Bezold (1837–1907), who discovered that a color may appear different depending on its relation to adjacent colors. It happens when small areas of color are interspersed.
- An assimilation effect called the von Bezold spreading effect, like spatial color mixing, is achieved.
- The opposite effect is observed when large areas of color are placed adjacent to each other, resulting in color contrast.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezold_effect
- The definition of simultaneous contrast: the tendency of a color to induce its opposite in hue, value and intensity upon an adjacent color and be mutually affected in return by the law of simultaneous contrast a light, dull red will make an adjacent dark, bright yellow seem darker, brighter, and greener; in turn, the former will appear lighter, duller, and bluer. www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/simu…
- Value Contrast refers to the amount of contrast between two areas of different value. It's the relationship between a light area and a dark area. There can be high contrast (a big difference between light and dark) and/or low contrast (not a big difference between the light and dark). One of the simplest ways to change the look of a color is to place it on a contrasting background. www.annamieka.com/blog/learning-about-v…
- Luminosity is a measure of how bright or dark a hue is. Physically, this is found in the amplitude and consequent energy of the electromagnetic waves of light. Luminosity is often measured as a percentage, ranging from zero (black) to 100% (full color). changingminds.org/explanations/percepti…
